A central traction-power control room remotely controls substations, sectioning cabins and line disconnectors; the dispatcher sees a schematic of the facilities, performs switching operations by computer, and status confirmation returns through a telecommunications cable or fibre-optic link. Equipment status indication is standardized by colour and sound: green - closed, flashing red with a bell - tripped, steady red - acknowledged, orange with a buzzer - ready to close. Similar control centres handle railway traffic, train-announcement and dispatch communications, public-address systems and clocks.
The technical rooms in these facilities are designed in accordance with PKP PLK instruction Ie-116: 19-inch or 21-inch cabinets up to 42 U with 8 U of spare capacity, a lock, sealing provision and door-opening sensor; a filter-and-fan panel with two temperature-controlled fans; a telecommunications power system with a 48 V DC battery providing 8 hours of backup and an electronic bypass; redundant rack-mounted power supplies; dual processors and duplicated switching fabric; and a voice recorder with two mirrored disks and GPS/DCF77/NTP time synchronization. Environmental requirements are +5…+35 °C and 30–75% humidity in rooms free of dust and corrosive gases; system MTBF must be at least 10,000 h, with a 15-year operating life.
Equipment used in this area includes: 19-inch cabinets with enhanced EMC and seismic resistance, chassis, subracks and panels, protected power-distribution units, rack circuit breakers, 48 V DC power supplies and uninterruptible power supplies, meters and network analysers for auxiliary-power systems, signalling relays, solid-state relays for heating and ventilation, OT cybersecurity devices, fibre-optic boxes, terminal blocks and marking systems.
